rural
A recent study found that there is still a big wage gap between men and women in rural India, even though the number of women working has gone up since 2017.
Some of the results in the State of Working India Report 2023 show that the number of women working for regular pay is going down while the number of women working for overtime is going up. The study also used information from official employment surveys to look into what the gender-based earnings gap and women’s earnings mean.
“The average monthly salary of a regular salaried man in 2021–2022 was about Rs 17,910 (US$215.47), and the average monthly salary of a woman was about Rs 13,666 (US$164.41),” said Amit Basole, an economist at Azim Premji University and the head of the Center for Sustainable Employment, along with Rosa Abraham, the center’s economist.
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The two of them were the primary investigators on the 2023 State of Working India Report.
Women were paid just 60% of men’s wages in casual wage work, indicating a larger pay gap. Regretfully, over the majority of the post-reform era, the proportion of women working for themselves has stayed unchanged (and even rose during the Covid-19 and post-Covid period). This is concerning because women often earn only 40% of men’s salaries when they work for themselves, which is the area where the earnings gap is greatest.
At the highest end of the salaried wages scale, the study found that women typically make 90% of men’s salaries. On the other hand, women still make about 60% of men when it comes to self-employment, indicating a significant gender pay discrepancy. According to the study’s two authors, “the gender earnings gap in self-employment narrows though it remains quite high as one moves up the earnings distribution.”
Both writer claimed there may have been less discrimination against women in the workplace over time as long as companies treated both sexes equally. According to India in Transition, the authors also ascribed the shifts to younger, better educated women joining the workforce in fields like services, while fewer women are working in less educated fields like agriculture.
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